Anthropic has signed a compute agreement with SpaceX for access to Colossus 1, adding more than 300 megawatts of capacity and over 220,000 Nvidia GPUs as demand strains Claude usage limits.
Colossus 1 is a large AI supercomputer with H100, H200 and GB200 Nvidia accelerators.
Anthropic said the agreement gives it access to its capacity within the month and will aim to improve capacity for Claude Pro and Claude Max subscribers.
Capacity expansion and rate limit increases
The announcement coincides with immediate product-limit changes. Anthropic said it is doubling Claude Code’s five-hour rate limits for Pro, Max, Team and seat-based Enterprise users, removing peak-hour limit reductions for Claude Code on Pro and Max accounts and raising API rate limits for Claude Opus models.
The SpaceX agreement follows a sharp rise in demand for Claude. In April, Anthropic disclosed that its run-rate revenue had passed $30 billion, up from about $9 billion at the end of 2025, and said growth in consumer usage had affected reliability and performance for free, Pro, Max and Team users, especially during peak hours.
Diversifying the AI cloud layer
On April 10, CoreWeave announced a multi-year agreement to support development and deployment of Claude models, with compute coming online later this year through a phased rollout. CoreWeave also said nine of the 10 leading AI model providers use its platform.
Anthropic has layered that specialized AI cloud capacity on top of larger cloud commitments. On April 20, it signed an expanded Amazon agreement covering more than $100 billion in AWS technologies over 10 years and up to 5 gigawatts of new capacity to train and run Claude.
Anthropic said Amazon remains its primary cloud provider and training partner, while the agreement also expands Claude inference in Asia and Europe.
Google and Broadcom are also part of the build-out. Anthropic announced on April 6 that it had signed a new agreement for multiple gigawatts of next-generation TPU capacity expected to come online from 2027, with Google Cloud describing the expansion as a way to support Anthropic’s models, agents and enterprise applications.
Microsoft and Nvidia give Anthropic another route to capacity. In November 2025, the three companies announced strategic partnerships under which Anthropic committed to buy $30 billion of Azure compute capacity and contract additional capacity of up to 1 gigawatt, while Nvidia and Anthropic agreed to work on optimizing Anthropic models for Nvidia architectures.
Domestic infrastructure and hardware resilience
The company is also building custom U.S. infrastructure with Fluidstack. Anthropic announced a $50 billion investment in November for data centers in Texas and New York, with sites expected to come online through 2026 and facilities designed specifically for Anthropic workloads.
Anthropic says it trains and runs Claude across AWS Trainium, Google TPUs and Nvidia GPUs, a mix it links to performance, resilience and the need to serve customers using Claude for critical work.
It also says enterprise customers in regulated sectors such as financial services, health care and government increasingly need in-region infrastructure for compliance and data-residency requirements.
Integration with the Colossus supercomputer
SpaceXAI’s role adds a less conventional source of capacity. On xAI’s site, the company referred to the counterparty as SpaceXAI and said it had agreed to provide Anthropic access to Colossus 1.
SpaceXAI also said Anthropic had expressed interest in partnering on multiple gigawatts of orbital AI compute capacity.
Anthropic made the same orbital-compute reference in its announcement, saying it had expressed interest in working with SpaceX on multiple gigawatts of orbital AI compute. The company did not disclose financial terms for the Colossus 1 deal.
The wider infrastructure build-out also keeps power costs in view. Anthropic has separately pledged to cover consumer electricity price increases tied to its own U.S. data centers, including grid-upgrade costs, new power procurement and systems to reduce strain during peak demand.
For leased capacity from existing data centers, Anthropic said it is still exploring ways to address the price effects of its workloads.